How to Read a Certificate of Analysis

A Certificate of Analysis (CoA) is a document that reports the results of specific tests performed on a defined batch of material.

Core sections

Identification. The material name, lot or batch number, and date of issue tie the document to a physical batch.

Methods. Each result should name its analytical method — for example reversed-phase HPLC for purity or mass spectrometry for identity.

Results and acceptance criteria. A result is only meaningful next to the specification it is compared against.

Signatures and laboratory details. The issuing laboratory and the responsible reviewer should be identifiable.

What to check

Confirm the lot number on the document matches the label on the container, that the issue date is plausible, and that the methods suit the claim being made.

Demonstration article — pending scientific review before publication.